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1: The pure theory of money
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ch. s PLURALITY OF SECONDARY PRICE-LEVELS 71

Change in Prices in 1913 as compared with 1896 relativelyto the Change in Great Britain 1

Great Britain .

United States .

Germany .

France .

Wheat .

100

112

104

97

Potatoes

100

186

157

188

Raw Sugar

100

86

89

Raw Cotton

100

101

100

101

Pig-iron .

100

91

75

Bituminous Coal

100

97

108

111

Petroleum

100

164

. .

141

Wool .

100

102

Hides

100

103

Coffee

100

248

172

A few of-these figures are probably erroneous and notstrictly comparable. In the case of potatoes, whichenter dubiously into international trade, the British figure may have been heavily influenced by transientcircumstances of crop or season. But the broadlessons of the table are evident. Raw materials, suchas cotton, wool and hides, which are not subjected totariffs, and travel easily, maintain their internationalparities very accurately. But the prices of manyother important commodities, such as wheat and pig-iron, are capable of sustaining a markedly discrepanttrend in different countries.

Nevertheless, when there are marked differencesbetween the movements of the Purchasing Power ofMoney within a country and those of its InternationalPrice-Level, this is likely to be a matter of import-ance for the interpretation of the monetary equilibriumand price movements of the locality. At the date atwhich I write this chapter (1927), one of the mostinteresting monetary phenomena of the day is thegeneral tendency for the International Price-Levels to

1 I.e. if the price of a commodity has risen 10 per cent in Great Britain within this period and 20 per cent in the United States, our index aboveshows 109 for the U.S. , i.e. 120/110.