in the theory of value and pr ices.

61

So also the rods maintain a constant money n.te for exchange; in-stead, however, of the former simple relation between the producersand consumers there is now the following that the sura of the ordin-ates of A 1^., and A I e , equals the ordinate of AI^, and likewise forII, III, etc., also that the thickness of the back cisterns of A w plusthat of A e equals that of A^. These resultR are effected by parallelrulers, those for the former purpose being represented in fig. 1 7.

The new machinery required for the exchange process consiststhen (1) of triplicate pistons* which necessitate that the samequantity of A shall be produced, exchanged, and consumed ; (2) theadditional rods and levers (horizontal and inclined) to make themarginal disutilities of producing and exchanging proportional tothe recompense and which also maintain a constant price for exchang-ing the same thing ; and (3) the special contrivance to add themarginal disutilities of producing and exchanging for any individ-ual so as to equal that of consuming, and also equate the sum ofthe prices of producing and exchanging to that of consuming.

2. An'alytioat,

^ir+'•••+ — M ei , + .. • + M (i> —J unknowns.

2 m

equations.

3 mn

1

+ M „,> iV„ + A c> , p..,+

+ M ol p,

K,<p«,„+

A*,! Pa IK "h

+ M *,1 P<

A„,n P«,ir + • • • + 7?m,„ d" A ( ,n P„. t + . . . + IVI e ,nPm, e -A K , n Pa, K + . . • + ^- K ,nPm, K

n— 1 independent equations. 3 m new unknowns (prices).

F(A^);

F(M„,0

F(M e ,,)

F(M ([>1 )

y 3 mn new unknowns(marg. ut.).

3 mn equations.

F(M„,„)

F(A„.)

F(»U

F(A k ,„) ;

-

* The income and expenditure-pistons are merely duplicate as before.